Family: Scrophulariaceae Genus: Verbascum
Species: Verbascum pulverulentum Vill.
Common Name(s): hoary mullein, broad-leaf mullein
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Verbascum pulverulentum, commonly known as hoary mullein, is a fascinating plant that is native to Europe and found in many parts of the continent, including the Mediterranean and northern regions. Hoary mullein is a biennial plant, meaning it has a two-year life cycle. During the first year, it grows as a rosette of large, fuzzy, silver-green leaves. In the second year, it sends up a tall spike covered in beautiful yellow flowers during the summer months.
Etymology
The common name “mullein” comes from the Latin word “mollis,” meaning soft, because of the plant’s thick gray-green woolen leaves. The term “mollis” also forms the basis for words like “mollify,” “emollient,” and “mollusk,” the latter referring to invertebrate marine creatures known for their softness, or “mollusca.”191
Traditional Medicine
Hoary mullein has been used for centuries to treat respiratory ailments including coughs, bronchitis, and asthma because the plant contains compounds that act as expectorants, helping to loosen phlegm and mucus in the lungs and airways. The essential oils, believed to have analgesic and antimicrobial properties that can help alleviate pain and fight infection, have been used among other things to treat ear aches and ear infections. These oils, which have a sweet, floral aroma, have long been used in aromatherapy and for treating anxiety, insomnia, and other stress-related conditions. The plant is said to have diuretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiviral properties.192, 193
Other Colorful Uses
Hoary mullein has historically been used to make dye. It was particularly valued for its ability to produce shades of yellow, ranging from pale yellows to deeper gold tones. When combined with other natural dyes or mordants, it could also yield green hues.194
The dried leaves are easily ignitable and serve well as natural tinder for starting fires.
Ecology
This hardy plant can grow in a variety of conditions including poor soils and dry areas, making it useful for erosion control and soil stabilization. It’s a valuable plant for attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies.
