Family: Iridaceae Genus: Iris
Species: Iris pseudacorus L.
Common Name(s): yellow flag iris, yellow flag, yellow iris, yellow water iris, flag iris, water flag
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Iris pseudacorus, commonly known as yellow flag iris, is a stunning and distinctive perennial plant frequently found in wetlands and along the edges of ponds, rivers, and streams. Native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, the yellow flag iris belongs to the iris family, renowned for its showy flowers and graceful foliage. The yellow flag iris boasts striking flowers, featuring three large, bright yellow petals and three smaller, darker yellow sepals.63
Fables, Folklore, and Mythology
In Greek mythology, Iris was the goddess of the rainbow and a messenger to the gods. Her symbol was the iris flower, which was believed to represent the connection between heaven and earth.
In Celtic folklore, the plant was associated with water spirits and the mystical land of Faerie. It was believed the iris could protect travelers from harm and help them navigate treacherous waters.
In some Native American cultures, the iris was considered a sacred symbol of life and renewal.64
Cultural Significance
The iris has been used in modern literature and art. For example, it is referenced in T.S. Eliot’s famous poem “The Waste Land,” and has been depicted in paintings by artists such as Vincent Van Gogh.65
Traditional Medicine
Although yellow flag iris contains compounds that can be toxic if ingested improperly, it has been used to treat various medical ailments, including digestive issues, skin disorders, and respiratory problems.
Other Colorful Uses
The tough, fibrous leaves of yellow flag iris have been used to make rope and baskets, and its rhizomes have been used to make yellow dye.
Ecology
Yellow flag iris plays an important ecological role in wetland habitats, providing habitat and food for a variety of wildlife. The plant’s large, showy flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, while its leaves provide shelter for small animals like frogs and turtles. The seeds are an important food source for waterfowl and other birds, and the plant’s rhizomes (underground stems) help to stabilize the soil in wetland habitats.66